Occupational Lung Diseases are respiratory conditions caused by long-term exposure to harmful substances in the workplace, such as dust, chemicals, fumes, gases, or allergens. These exposures can inflame, scar, or weaken the lungs, leading to chronic breathing problems. Workers in industries like mining, construction, manufacturing, farming, and textile processing are at higher risk. Early identification, protective equipment, and regular health check-ups are essential to prevent permanent lung damage.

Types of Occupational Lung Diseases

• Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, asbestosis, coal workers’ lung) caused by inhaling mineral dust.
• Occupational asthma triggered by chemicals, industrial fumes, or allergens.
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to exposure to organic particles like mold or animal proteins.
• Chemical inhalation injuries from toxic fumes such as ammonia or chlorine.
• Byssinosis (“brown lung”) seen in textile and cotton industry workers.

Symptoms & Clinical Features

• Persistent cough, often worsening with workplace exposure.
• Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity.
• Chest tightness, wheezing, and recurrent respiratory infections.
• Fatigue, reduced stamina, or inability to perform routine work tasks.
• Symptoms improving on weekends or holidays (classic sign of occupational exposure).

Diagnosis & Management

• Detailed occupational history and exposure assessment.
• Chest X-ray, HRCT scan, and pulmonary function tests to detect lung damage.
• Avoiding or reducing exposure using protective gear, ventilation, and workplace safety measures.
• Medications including inhalers, corticosteroids, and bronchodilators as needed.
• Regular monitoring by a pulmonologist to prevent disease progression and ensure workplace safety compliance.