Pneumothorax is a condition in which air accumulates in the pleural space, the area between the lungs and chest wall, causing partial or complete lung collapse. It can occur spontaneously, due to trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures. Pneumothorax can lead to sudden chest pain, shortness of breath, and reduced oxygen levels, and in severe cases, it can become life-threatening. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to restore lung function and prevent recurrence.

Causes & Risk Factors

• Spontaneous pneumothorax, often in tall, thin, young adults
• Trauma to the chest from accidents or injuries
• Complications from medical procedures like lung biopsy or mechanical ventilation
• Chronic lung diseases such as COPD, asthma, or cystic fibrosis
• Smoking, which increases the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax

Symptoms & Warning Signs

• Sudden, sharp chest pain on the affected side
• Shortness of breath and rapid breathing
• Rapid heart rate or palpitations
• Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of lips or skin) in severe cases
• Fatigue and anxiety due to reduced oxygen supply